All these meta-analyses would let you know a serving-effect matchmaking anywhere between BP decreasing and you will potassium intake
Significant BP minimizing that have supplemental doses of potassium on the range off 1900 in order to 4700 milligrams/d (49–122 mmol/d) might have been advertised to bring about BP reduction in approximately 2 in order to six mm hg for diastolic BP and 2 to 4 mm hg to own systolic BP. brand new higher variability ranging from results shows the latest variability seen in other training. while doing so, the outcome from potassium on BP was influenced by pretreatment BP level; age; race; sex; comorbid conditions; consumption regarding salt, magnesium, calcium, or other ions; diet; exercise; weight; version of potassium used; concomitant drugs; and you can duration of play with. a summary of the fresh new conclusions of all of the meta-analyses to your aftereffects of potassium on BP so far is given when you look at the Figure step 3.
Post on meta-analyses regarding training exploring brand new blood circulation pressure-reducing ramifications of potassium. 25–28 SBP suggests systolic blood pressure; DBP, diastolic blood pressure levels.
Even in the event conflicting efficiency about your results of potassium supplements towards BP was indeed stated in scientific studies, 34, 35 newer examples have displayed abilities in keeping with regarding new meta-research because of the Whelton and you may colleagues 26 (Table II). Gu and you can coworkers thirty-six discovered that reasonable potassium supplements (sixty mmol KCl) removed having twelve months contributed to a decrease in systolic BP, although not diastolic BP, during the good Chinese inhabitants. Furthermore, Kawano and you can acquaintances 37 noted one to a cuatro-week potassium supplements period (where 64 mmol/d from potassium gotten due to the fact sluggish-launch KCl) contributed to quick however, tall reductions from inside the work environment, house, and you will twenty-four-time BP for the Japanese folk. Braschi and colleagues 38 subsequent tested the effect off lower-serving potassium supplementation into BP and discovered you to definitely twenty four mmol/d out-of sluggish-discharge KCl given to possess six days resulted in extreme decreases within the indicate arterial stress and you can diastolic BP inside healthy volunteers.
Components for which Potassium Reduces BP
The latest homeostasis from sodium and you will potassium plays a crucial role into the endothelium-created vasodilatation. 39 Salt retention decreases the synthesis out of nitric oxide, an arteriolar vasodilator elaborated from the endothelial structure, and advances the plasma level of asymmetric dimethyl-L-arginine, an endogenous inhibitor out-of nitric oxide manufacturing. forty a nutrients abundant with potassium and increases in the serum potassium, even inside physiologic assortment, result in endothelium-situated vasodilatation by the hyperpolarizing brand new endothelial telephone as a result of pleasure of the sodium pump and you can beginning potassium avenues. 41 In addition, other advised mechanisms whereby potassium normally influence BP were natriuresis, modulation regarding baroreceptor awareness, quicker vasoconstrictive sensitivity in order to norepinephrine and you can angiotensin II, meilleures applications de rencontre par groupe d’âge improved solution and you will urinary kallikrein, increased sodium/potassium Within Pase hobby, adjustment into the DNA synthesis, and expansion for the vascular easy strength and sympathetic neurological system muscle. 42, 43
Fat reduction Advice getting Potassium
Maintaining an adequate intake of dietary potassium (>90 mmol [3500 mg]/d) has been recommended for the primary prevention of hypertension by the JNC 7.13 The Institute of Medicine has recommended a sodium intake <65 mmol/d (3.8 g/d) and an increase in potassium to 120 mmol/d. 44 In 2006, the American Heart Association issued new guidelines suggesting an increase in potassium intake to 120 mmol/d (4.7 g/d), which is the level provided in the DASH diets in which all food is supplied. 14 The Canadian Hypertension Society recommends that the daily dietary intake of potassium should be ?60 mmol, since this intake has been associated with a reduced risk of stroke-related mortality. 45, 46 The most recent European Society of Hypertension guidelines also support an increased potassium intake based on the DASH diet. 18 In addition, the 2003 World Health Organization/International Society of Hypertension statement recommends a diet high in fruits and vegetables, a reduction of dietary sodium intake, and increased dietary potassium intake for reducing the incidence of hypertension. 16 Some sources of high-potassium, low-sodium foods are listed in Table III. 47
